原始名称记载: ARIZONA BOARD OF REGENTS ON BEHALF OF ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY

Described herein are mRNA carrier systems and methods of their use for entering the cytoplasm and expressing carried mRNA, to induce a tumor killing effect. The mRNA carrier systems can comprise DNA or RNA nanostructures. Also described herein are methods of treating cancer using the mRNA carrier systems described herein.

An indicator system comprising permanganate, an organic reducing agent, an acid, and an inorganic perchlorate salt is provided herein. Methods for using the indicator system to monitor the integrity of a biospecimen are also provided. The systems and methods herein may provide easy-to-use, individual aliquot-level thawed-state indicators for indicating biospecimen time-temperature exposure.

Disclosed herein are compositions, systems, platforms, and kits comprising a tyramide-TCO and a tetrazine molecule linked to a detectable marker. Also disclosed are methods of using the compositions, systems, platforms, and kits to detect one or more target molecules, such as proteins or nucleic acids, in a sample.