Optical module and optical communication system

The embodiment of the invention provides an optical module and an optical communication system, which are used for solving the technical problem of low heat dissipation efficiency of the optical module. The optical module includes a first device, a second device, and a cover. The shell cover comprises a first cavity and a second cavity, a working medium in the first cavity is used for dissipating heat of the first device, and a working medium in the second cavity is used for taking away heat of the second device. For example, heat of the first device is transmitted to the surface, close to the first device, of the shell cover through heat transmission, the heat enters the first cavity through the surface, the working medium in the first cavity transmits the heat to the cavity face, away from the first device, of the first cavity, and then the heat is transmitted out of the optical module through the surface, away from the first device, of the shell cover. By adopting the mode that the first device and the second device dissipate heat separately, the power density (unit area power consumption) of the surface of the shell cover is reduced, the dry contact temperature difference is reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the optical module is improved.