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AlibabaAmazonApple

Technology portfolios compared in the same window and counting units. Scale is compared only within the same field or subclass.

Same window · published 2025-01-01 — 2025-12-31Some name or date coverage is incomplete; affected counts are lower bounds

This is a structural comparison of collected portfolios. The same requested window does not establish equal entity scope, covered months or industry; no competitive ranking is inferred.

Applicant-name coverage differs. The counts below cover only the listed names and do not represent complete company portfolios.

Alibaba: Applicant names included in these statistics — ALIBABA CHINA CO LTD · ALIBABA CLOUD COMPUTING CO LTD · ALIBABA CLOUD COMPUTING LTD · ALIBABA GROUP HOLDING LTDReviewed names not covered — ALIBABA (CHINA) CO., LTD. · ALIBABA CLOUD COMPUTING CO., LTD. · ALIBABA CLOUD COMPUTING LTD. · ALIBABA GROUP HOLDING LIMITED · 阿里云计算有限公司 · 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 · 阿里巴巴(中国)有限公司

Amazon: Applicant names included in these statistics — AMAZON TECH INCReviewed names not covered — AMAZON TECHNOLOGIES INC · AMAZON TECHNOLOGIES INC. · AMAZON TECHNOLOGIES, INC · AMAZON TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Apple: Applicant names included in these statistics — APPLE INCReviewed names not covered — APPLE COMPUTER INC · APPLE COMPUTER, INC. · APPLE INC. · APPLE, INC.

Alibaba

Publications
1,101
Invention share
96%
Concentration
0.51
Green technology
—

Amazon

Publications
2,095
Invention share
93%
Concentration
0.54
Green technology
—

Apple

Publications
12,360
Invention share
87%
Concentration
0.38
Green technology
—
0.91

Alibaba × Amazon

0.78

Alibaba × Apple

0.89

Amazon × Apple

Cosine similarity of application counts across 35 fields. 1 is identical, 0 is no overlap.

01Technology field mirror

The 12 fields with the largest combined share. Share shows structure; count shows scale.

Technology field mirror
Technology fieldAlibaba / Amazon / Apple
Computer technology
63.5%
65.9%
39.1%
Digital communication
12.5%
29.5%
42.1%
Audio-visual technology
29.8%
7%
14.2%
Telecommunications
0%
4%
13.9%
IT methods for management
3.7%
7.9%
2.4%
Measurement
0.8%
3.8%
5.7%
Optics
0%
0.9%
7.2%
Control
0.2%
5.2%
1.9%
Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy
0.3%
2%
4.8%
Handling
0.1%
4.9%
0.1%
Transport
0%
3.5%
0.6%
Semiconductors
0.6%
0.3%
3%

Inspect one technology field

Inspect collected applications, portfolio share and supporting publications within one field. A technology overlap does not establish that companies in different industries are direct competitors.

Apple

Collected applications
531
Share of collected applications with IPC
4.8%

Coverage is incomplete; counts and shares describe only the collected subset.

View Apple publications in this field

One application may belong to multiple fields, so shares can sum to more than 100%. Drill-down lists publications; an application publication and its grant may appear separately.

02Same problem: shared IPC subclasses

The 10 subclasses in every company's top 60 with the most combined applications. Scale is compared within a subclass, never across different business scopes.

G06FData processing
Alibaba547
Amazon912
Apple3,635
H04WWireless networks
Alibaba9
Amazon114
Apple3,570
H04LDigital transmission
Alibaba113
Amazon442
Apple2,146
H04NPictorial communication, video
Alibaba331
Amazon130
Apple931
G06TImage processing
Alibaba67
Amazon101
Apple986
G06NComputing models, AI
Alibaba173
Amazon257
Apple200
G06VImage and video recognition
Alibaba70
Amazon138
Apple417
G10LSpeech processing
Alibaba25
Amazon275
Apple240
G06QBusiness data processing
Alibaba40
Amazon154
Apple264
H04RLoudspeakers, microphones
Alibaba2
Amazon34
Apple318

03Where each one leans

Observed emphasis within each company’s collected top-60 IPC subclasses. A dash for another company means outside its top-60 list, not zero applications or a market gap. Incomplete coverage can also change the ordering.

Alibaba

  • H04NPictorial communication, video
    Alibaba
    331
    Amazon
    130
    Apple
    931
  • G06FData processing
    Alibaba
    547
    Amazon
    912
    Apple
    3,635
  • G06NComputing models, AI
    Alibaba
    173
    Amazon
    257
    Apple
    200
  • H03MCoding, decoding
    Alibaba
    7
    Amazon
    7
    Apple
    41
  • H10BMemory devices
    Alibaba
    2
    Amazon
    —
    Apple
    —
  • H10N
    Alibaba
    2
    Amazon
    —
    Apple
    —

Amazon

  • G10LSpeech processing
    Alibaba
    25
    Amazon
    275
    Apple
    240
  • G06QBusiness data processing
    Alibaba
    40
    Amazon
    154
    Apple
    264
  • H04LDigital transmission
    Alibaba
    113
    Amazon
    442
    Apple
    2,146
  • B65GConveying, storage
    Alibaba
    —
    Amazon
    48
    Apple
    —
  • B25JManipulators, robots
    Alibaba
    1
    Amazon
    39
    Apple
    —
  • G05D
    Alibaba
    —
    Amazon
    36
    Apple
    —

Apple

  • H04WWireless networks
    Alibaba
    9
    Amazon
    114
    Apple
    3,570
  • H04BTransmission
    Alibaba
    —
    Amazon
    40
    Apple
    981
  • G02BOptical elements
    Alibaba
    —
    Amazon
    11
    Apple
    679
  • H04MTelephonic communication
    Alibaba
    —
    Amazon
    20
    Apple
    405
  • G09GDisplay control
    Alibaba
    —
    Amazon
    4
    Apple
    300
  • G06TImage processing
    Alibaba
    67
    Amazon
    101
    Apple
    986

04Publication rhythm

AlibabaAmazonApplePublications per period
Publications per period
PeriodAlibabaAmazonApple
2025-01≥78 (partial coverage)≥242 (partial coverage)≥1,049 (partial coverage)
2025-02≥71 (partial coverage)≥149 (partial coverage)≥968 (partial coverage)
2025-03≥72 (partial coverage)≥130 (partial coverage)≥1,319 (partial coverage)
2025-04≥65 (partial coverage)≥168 (partial coverage)≥1,232 (partial coverage)
2025-05≥71 (partial coverage)≥186 (partial coverage)≥993 (partial coverage)
2025-06≥83 (partial coverage)≥140 (partial coverage)≥846 (partial coverage)
2025-07≥82 (partial coverage)≥223 (partial coverage)≥956 (partial coverage)
2025-08≥104 (partial coverage)≥161 (partial coverage)≥989 (partial coverage)
2025-09≥119 (partial coverage)≥195 (partial coverage)≥906 (partial coverage)
2025-10≥94 (partial coverage)≥201 (partial coverage)≥928 (partial coverage)
2025-11≥115 (partial coverage)≥141 (partial coverage)≥1,005 (partial coverage)
2025-12≥147 (partial coverage)≥159 (partial coverage)≥1,169 (partial coverage)

Empty dashed outlines mark uncollected periods. Hatched bars and ≥ counts mark partial coverage.

Publication timing follows examination and publication cycles, not R&D intensity.

What makes it comparableThe same publication window and counting units. Companies with different windows are not put in one comparison.

What is not comparableGroup totals. Business and entity scopes differ; compare scale within a field or subclass.

Not a rankingSimilarity and shares describe structure, not patent value, quality or technical leadership.